What do occupational health efforts cover under Indonesia's PP 28/2024?

PP 28/2024 divides occupational health efforts into five tiers: promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and palliative (Article 233(1)). Employers and workplace managers must organize these efforts across all workplaces in accordance with occupational health standards (Article 241(1)). The objective is to protect workers and other persons at the workplace so they remain healthy. Furthermore, Free from health disorders and adverse effects caused by work (Article 232(1)).

The five tiers of occupational health efforts (Article 233)

• Promotive efforts: Conducted at the workplace by recognizing health risks, improving risk-factor knowledge, fostering an OHS culture, fulfilling balanced nutrition. In addition, Improving physical, mental, and reproductive health (paragraphs (2) and (3)).
• Preventive efforts: Aimed at preventing occupational diseases and other workplace illnesses through at least eight activities: hazard identification, assessment, and control. work environment health requirements. reproductive health protection. medical examinations. fitness-for-work assessments. immunization and/or prophylaxis for high-risk workers. standard precautions. and occupational health surveillance (paragraphs (4) and (5)).
• Curative efforts: Cover first aid for workplace injuries and illnesses. diagnosis and management of communicable, non-communicable, and/or work- and work-environment-related diseases. and medical emergency handling and/or referral (paragraph (6)).
• Rehabilitative efforts: Consist of medical recovery and work recovery, where work recovery is carried out through assessing work conditions. Furthermore, Environments, work eligibility, and return-to-work programs (paragraphs (7) to (9)).
• Palliative efforts: Improve quality of life for workers facing life-threatening or end-of-life illnesses linked to work accidents and occupational diseases (paragraph (10)).

Five required support pillars (Article 234)

• Human resources: Include medical personnel, health workforce members, and support staff, where medical. Furthermore, Health personnel must hold occupational health competence through education and/or training (Articles 235 and 236(1)).
• Facilities: Participating healthcare facilities must meet Ministerial standards and may be arranged through partnerships. In addition, every workplace must establish an occupational health unit according to its capacity. Furthermore, Standards, and both must coordinate with the local Puskesmas (Article 237).
• OHS equipment: Covers measuring instruments, examination tools, and personal protective equipment matched to workplace risk factors (Article 238).
• Funding: May come from health and employment social security, other health insurance, or full workplace funding (Article 239).
• Recording and reporting: Carried out by employers, workplace managers, and/or healthcare facilities. This follows Statutory regulations and integrated with the National Health Information System or SIKN (Article 240). Article 240 does not specify what items are recorded and does not mention individual examination results.

Rights, obligations, and implementing rules

Workers are entitled to occupational health efforts and must actively maintain their health, keep the workplace environment healthy. Furthermore, Safe, and obey applicable OHS rules (Article 242(1) and (3)). Other persons entering the workplace for a specific purpose hold analogous protections and duties (Article 242(2) and (4). Elucidation of Article 232(1)). Technical health standards are set by the Minister of Health, while company-level implementation is governed by the Minister of Manpower (Article 241(2)). Finally, Article 1170 letter w repeals PP 88/2019. At the same time, Article 1169 letter w preserves its implementing rules insofar as they do not conflict with PP 28/2024.