What metadata should accompany health data under Indonesian regulations?
Indonesian regulations do not mandate an exhaustive metadata field list, but require electronic medical records and health information systems to record standard variables, timestamps, and authorship.
Permenkes Number 24 of 2022 and Permenkes Number 18 of 2022 specify metadata categories rather than specific field lists. For electronic medical record (RME) systems, metadata covers definition, format, and codification (Permenkes 24/2022 Article 11(3)). For Satu Data Bidang Kesehatan, metadata covers activity metadata and program metadata (Permenkes 18/2022 Article 6(7)).
How Regulations Define Metadata
Article 1 point 14 of Permenkes 18/2022 defines metadata as structured, standardized information that describes data and facilitates searching, use, and management. Metadata is descriptive information about the data rather than the clinical content itself.
Who Populates Metadata and When It Is Sent
Electronic medical record systems must refer to variables and metadata set by the Ministry of Health (Permenkes 24/2022 Article 11(1)). PP Number 28 of 2024 Article 780(d) requires healthcare facilities to ensure RME compatibility using those variables and metadata. Facilities or their electronic system providers must register RME systems with the Ministry of Health. Furthermore, Attach documentation covering variables and metadata (Permenkes 24/2022 Article 12(1) and (2)(e)).
Under Permenkes 18/2022, Health Data Producers are Ministry of Health units that generate data (Article 1 point 7). The Health Data Steward (Walidata Kesehatan) collects, verifies, manages, and disseminates producer data and oversees standardization (Article 1 point 8. Article 5(1)). Producers fill in standardized metadata formats (Article 5(5)). Collected data is submitted to Walidata Kesehatan with applicable Data Standards and attached metadata (Article 22(1) and (2)(b)-(c)), then disseminated with its metadata (Article 31(1)).
Who Is Covered and What to Distinguish
In Permenkes 18/2022, Article 3(2)(b) applies directly to Ministry Data Producers (Article 2(1)). However, Articles 21(1) and 22(1) also name ministries, agencies, local governments. Furthermore, Other institutions (K/L/D/I), which include public and private healthcare facilities (Article 1 point 24. Article 18(1)(c) and (4)(c)). Therefore, Article 22 metadata rules can be interpreted to apply when facilities submit data to Walidata Kesehatan. Firm RME system metadata duties sit in PP 28/2024 Article 780(d) and Permenkes 24/2022 Articles 11 and 12.
PP 28/2024 also classifies healthcare facilities as Health Information System organizers (Article 946(1)(c)) and requires integration-ready metadata standards (Article 954(b)). PP 28/2024 repealed PP 46/2014 while keeping consistent implementing rules valid (Articles 1169 and 1170). Separately, Permenkes 18/2022 Article 9(2) requires place, person, and time in Health Information content, which governs information content rather than metadata. Facilities should request the active metadata format directly from the Ministry of Health.
Legal basis: Permenkes 24/2022 Articles 11(1), 11(3), 12(1), 12(2)(e). Permenkes 18/2022 Articles 1, 2(1), 3(2), 5, 6(7), 9(2), 18, 21(1), 22, 31(1). PP 28/2024 Articles 780(d), 946(1)(c), 954(b), 1169, 1170.
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