Which work environment factors must be measured under Permenaker 5/2018 in Indonesia?

There are five work environment factors that must be measured: physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychological. Article 5(2) of Minister of Manpower Regulation Number 5 of 2018 on Occupational Safety. Furthermore, Health in the Work Environment (Permenaker 5/2018) lists all five as the scope of work environment measurement. Furthermore, Control, and Article 2 assigns the duty to employers and/or managers. Under Articles 9–14, 20, and 22–24, each factor must be measured in workplaces that have sources or potential hazards for that factor. Lighting is the exception: Article 16(1) mandates lighting measurement in every workplace without requiring a specific hazard source.

Scope of the five factors

• Physical factors (Article 8(1)): work climate, noise, vibration, radio or microwave radiation, ultraviolet radiation, static magnetic fields, air pressure, and lighting.
• Chemical factors: airborne chemical contaminants in the form of gases, vapors, and particulates (Article 1 point 12). Measurement covers both workplace exposure. Furthermore, Exposed workers via special medical examinations on body specimens compared against the Biological Exposure Index (IPB, Article 1 point 10 and Article 20(6)).
• Biological factors (Article 22): microorganisms and/or their toxins are measured. However, Arthropods, invertebrates, venomous or wild animals, plant allergens and toxins, and hazardous animal or plant products are monitored.
• Ergonomic factors (Article 23(2)): improper work methods, positions, and postures. tool and workplace designs mismatched to worker anthropometry. and lifting loads exceeding work capacity.
• Psychological factors (Article 24(2)): role ambiguity, role conflict, qualitative and quantitative work overload, career development, and responsibility for others.

Who conducts measurements and how often

Measurements are performed by licensed Junior, Intermediate, or Senior Work Environment OHS Experts (Article 45). Internal testing does not waive the obligation for external testing (Article 59(1)–(2)). If conducted by an external institution, the examiner may be a Work Environment OHS Specialist Labor Inspector, OHS Tester. Alternatively, Work Environment OHS Expert (Article 59(5)). Periodic external testing is required at least once a year or according to risk assessment or statutory rules (Article 62(1)). Clinics and hospitals meeting the workplace definition must measure factors corresponding to their hazards, and must always measure lighting under Article 16(1).